USB Protocol
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SYNC DATA BYTES EOP
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  • Data Flow Types
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  • Used to configure the device, get information about it, send commands to it, retrieve status information.
  • reliable short data packets
  • Control transfers are used for initial configuration of the device by the host, using Endpoint 0 OUT and Endpoint 0 IN, which are reserved for this purpose. They may be used (on the same endpoints) after configuration as part of the device-specific control protocol, if required.
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  • Control Read/Write Sequences
    • SETUP stage(Setup Transaction)
      • The SETUP stage carries 8 bytes called the Setup packet. This defines the request, and specifies whether and how much data should be transferred in the DATA stage.
    • DATA stage(same as for Bulk transaction)
      • The DATA stage is optional. If present, it always starts with a transaction containing a DATA1. The type of transaction then alternates between DATA0 and DATA1 until all the required data has been transferred.
    • STATUS stage(same as for Bulk Transaction)
      • The STATUS stage is a transaction containing a zero-length DATA1 packet. If the DATA stage was IN then the STATUS stage is OUT, and vice versa.
  • Enumeration: How the Host Learns about Devices
    • Simplified Description of USB Device Enumeration
    • Implementing the USB Enumeration Process on the AT8xC5131/32/22 and AT8xC51SND1
    • USB 列舉教學,詳解
    • Device 插入 Host 時, 因為 Device 在 D+ 或 D- 有上拉電阻, 會讓 Host 知道有 Device 插入, 開始連線.
    • Host 發出先 Reset (SE0), 之後 Device 如果是 High-speed 會發出 Device Charp, 之後如果 Host 本身也是 USB 2.0 就會再發出 Hub Chirp (KJKJKJ..), Device 收到 Hub Chirp 後就會進入 High-speed mode;反之, 如果步驟2 中雙方無法成功完成 chirp 的動作, Host 就會以 Full-speed 或 Low-speed 與 device 溝通.
    • 不管是 High-speed 或 Full-speed 或 Low-speed, 接下來 Host 會下 Control Transfer 來 Get Device Descriptor, 而 Device 必須告訴 Host 自己本身的相關資訊.
    • 之後, Host 會再下 Control Transfer 來 Set Device Address, 給 Devcie 一個非 00 的 address, 做為以後 device 的門號
    • Host 會再 Get Device Descriptor 一次確認 Address 成功
    • Host 再下 Control Transfer 來 Set Configuration, 針對 device 做一些設定確保連線.
    • 原則上大部分的 USB 產品到上面步驟6 就已經連上囉, 之後 Host 就會再針對不同 class 的產品下不同的指令, 例如去讀寫 FAT table 等動作, 有興趣你自己翻 USB specification 或坊間的書囉.
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